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The model calculations are compared with experimental data on lipid transfer and direct vesicle fusion.Send text and images. This different kinetic behavior allows a straightforward discrimination of the two fundamental processes. It is shown that the kinetic response of the lipid transfer and of the direct fusion is manifested in different concentration dependencies of the initial rates of turbidity measurements. In model calculations the kinetic theories are adapted to light scattering or turbidity measurements. The rate-determining step of the fusion process is to be seen in the reaction which leads from the short-lived encounter complex of two colliding vesicles to the finally fused vesicle. treated as a second-order reaction in the lipid concentration. In contrast to the lipid transfer the direct vesicle-vesicle fusion is. As consequence of the constant and critical concentrations of the lipids in the monomeric and postulated micellar states the lipid transfer becomes a consecutive first-order reaction in the lipid concentration. The changes of the vesicular size are compared on a kinetic basis for the lipid transfer and fusion phenomena. Thus, an S− can acquire value from an S+ even when that value is conditioned in a “context” different from that of the simultaneous discrimination. In all four experiments, the pigeons preferredī over D, a result consistent with value transfer theory. Lower probability of reinforcement for responding to A than when A is alone. Signals a higher probability of reinforcement for responding to C than when C is alone, and/or the presence of B signals a According to an occasion setting account, however, D should be preferred over B because the presence of D Theory, on test trials, B should always be preferred over D, because B and D should be affected by the net values of A andĬ, respectively.
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Similar simultaneous discriminations, A+B− and C+D−, and two single-stimulus trial types, A and C, (in which A always had greater nominal value than C). experiments, pigeons were trained with two When the value of the S+ is altered outside the context of the simultaneous discrimination, two very different predictionsĪre made concerning its effect on its S−, depending on whether one views the S+ as an occasion setter or as a stimulus capable of transferring value. During simultaneous discrimination training, there is evidence that some of the value of the S+ transfers to the S−.
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